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» (0) Quickstart
» (0.2) Command reference & key sets
» (1) Introduction
» (2) Installation & setup
» (3) Creating a character & starting to play
» (4) The world
» (5) Item and flag details, elements
» (6) Monster details
» (7) Character details
» (8) Tactics & strategy
» (9) Miscellanous

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(0.1d) Readability improvements
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(0.2a) Text editing keys
(0.2) Command reference & key sets                                              
----------------------------------
Can be different depending on OS / configuration.
This chapter consists of three subsections:
Command keys, Text editing keys, Slash commands.


Command keys
------------

Key combinations with CTRL key can be entered in the macro menu by prefixing
the key with a '^' symbol. For example, a macro to force-stack an item in
normal key set could be 'K0', but in rogue-like key set (where force-stack
is CTRL+C instead of K) it will be '^c0' instead (or you can use a capital
letter: '^c0', it's actually the same when using ^ codes).

Keys:
The first key is of the 'original Angband key set', the second key is of the
'rogue-like' key set. Some people prefer to use that one. You can change it
in the options menu, which you invoke with '=' key.


Walk into a direction:
    Original key set        Rogue-like key set      Rogue-like (running)
        7   8   9               y   k   u               Y   K   U
        4       6               h       l               H       L
        1   2   3               b   j   n               B   J   N

In addition, the rogue-like key set has tunneling on the movement keys if
the CTRL key is pressed together with one. CTRL is expressed by prefixing
the key with '^', so the rogue-like key set for tunneling is:
        ^y  ^k  ^u
        ^h      ^l
        ^b  ^j  ^n
(The normal key set has no directional keys for tunneling, so you'd have
to create macros if you want that.)

You can also use the arrow keys instead of the Numpad keys for movement.
(Pressing '5' will make your character try and pick up an item, same as
pressing 'g').

SHIFT+<direction key>
        runs into that direction. Numlock must probably be turned off,
        depending on your system. (Numlock is the key labeled 'Num' above the
        number key pad on the right side of your keyboard. A green lamp
        usually indicates whether it is on or off.)
        You can also run by pressing the dot '.' followed by a direction key.

.       .       Allows you to run (same as SHIFT+direction key).

;       ;       The 'walk' command, it allows you to walk one step. This is not
                really needed for anything usually, since you can just press
                the directional keys given above instead for walking.
                NOTE: The ';' key is by default overridden with a macro
                to provide a quick guide search instead of its normal function.

i       i       display your inventory. You can then press SHIFT + inventory
                slot letter to paste that item name into chat.
                You can also type \\<slot letter> shortcut in chat to paste an
                item right into some text you are writing, eg "\\a" for the
                item in your inventory slot 'a)'.

e       e       display your equipment. You can then press SHIFT + equipment
                slot letter to paste that item name into chat.
                You can also type \\<capital slot letter> shortcut in chat to
                paste an item right into some text you are writing, eg "\\A"
                for the item in your equipment slot 'a)'.

I       I       inspects an item, showing its special abilities in case it
                has some. To examine an item you must either have bought it
                from a shop or *identified* it. Mages can learn *ID* spell
                "Greater Identify", some shops offer *ID* service (see (4.5a)),
                or you can use a scroll of *identify*. If the item hasn't been
                *identified* yet, you will only see basic information.
                If the item could in theory have powers that will only be clear
                after *identification* then inspecting the item will tell you:
                "It may have hidden powers.". In this case you should always go
                and *identify* it because its selling value will also increase
                greatly in case it turns out to indeed have hidden powers.
                See (5.7) for more information about ID, *ID* and shops!
                If you examine weapons, it always tells you the weapon class
                (sword/blunt/axe/polearm) as well as if it's 1-, 2- or
                1,5-handed.

w       w       wear/wield an item from your inventory (weapons, rings,
                amulets, light sources, armour, ammunition, tools).

W       W       wear/wield an item, same as 'w', but tries to use the second
                available slot in case two inventory slots are both egligible.

                Starting in 4.8.0 this can also be used to wield a digging
                tool as a weapon. You will still use it for digging too.
                If you try to dig while having a digging tool equipped in the
                weapon slot and another one in the tool slot, the better one of
                the two will be used automatically.

                You won't get weapon-skill specific boni applied in combat
                though, as digging tools count as neither of any of the four
                weapon classes.

t       T       take off an item. (Note: Item inscription must still be @t)

x       S       swap an item. This is basically like both "wear/wield" and
                "take off" in one command. This makes only sense if it is used
                with an item that has been _inscribed_ accordingly, for example
                "@x4":
                When the item is currently in the inventory, it will be
                equipped. If it already is equipped though, then it will be
                taken off.
                Note for rogue-like keymap:
                Although the key is 'S', the actual item inscriptions must
                still use 'x', eg '@x0' when the macro is 'S0'!

q       q       quaff a potion.
                If you enable the 'keep_bottle' option (it's in =8 at the time
                of writing this) your character will retain an empty bottle
                which you can fill at a fountain.

r       r       read a scroll.

E       E       eat food. Hunger can kill you, if you don't eat for a longer
                while, depending on your character. You will see a yellow
                'Hungry' appear below the status bar on the left side in the
                main window, then it will change gradually to orange/red 'Weak'
                or 'Starved' (in game version > 4.8.0) and you will start
                getting paralysed by the lack of food!
                Finally you will start losing hit points and eventually die
                from starvation.
                (Draconians can eat firestones to gain temporary special
                abilities, see (5.9). Players in dragon form can eat them too.)

F       F       fuel your light source.
                Use oil for lanterns, and torches to fuel another torch.

f       t       fire ammo from your quiver.

v       v       throw an item from your inventory.

b       P       browse (peruse) a book.

m       m       use an ability/skill (ie cast a magic spell, lay a trap, use a
                technique, polymorph into a monster form or back to normal,
                cast a monster-spell while polymorphed, enter a combat stance).

a       z       use (aim) a magic wand.

z       a       use (zap) a magic rod.

u       Z       use a magic staff.

,       ,       or..
g       g       pick up an item from the floor. You have to stand on the item
                to do that. You can also pick up an item by pressing '5' on
                the number pad while numlock is turned off. Gold is always
                picked up automatically.
                If you stand on a pile of different items, the top-most type of
                item will be picked.
                NOTE: The ',' key has by default a "reply to last private chat"
                macro on it, so you'll have to use 'g' key instead or delete
                the macro from the comma key, if you want to use it to pick up
                items.

CTRL+G  CTRL+Z  pick up exactly one piece from a stack of same type of items.

K       CTRL+C  forcibly combines a level 0 item in your inventory with other
                items of the same type that aren't level 0 ('force-stack').
                Be warned, that this will change the level of all the items
                involved to 0 so they will become untradable.

C       C       see a character overview.

L       CTRL+W  look around your current sector/floor, using direction keys.
                Hit ESC to exit this 'locate' mode again.

M       M       display either the world map if you're not in a town or in a
                dungeon, otherwise display a minimap of the town or of your
                currentl dungeon level.
                If you want to see the world map while you're in town or in
                the dungeon, press ~ and choose "Wilderness map" there.
                You can scroll around the map via directional keys.

s       s       search adjacent fields, objects or walls for hidden traps or
                doors.

S       #       enter 'searching mode'. You will search your adjacent fields
                once each turn. If you stand next to a room and you want to
                find its hidden door, turn this on and run along its walls
                until you find it.
                Being in searching mode will slow you down so you will want to
                turn it off as soon as you found what you searched for.
                Another useful thing it does however is prioritizing traps over
                items visually. Turn it on if there are already detected traps
                nearby that are currently covered by items, to clearly spot the
                traps underneath.

V       V       enter/leave 'cloaking mode'. This can only be used by rogues.
                It will take a couple of turns to perfectly cloak your
                physical appearance and body warmth pattern, after which you
                will be completely invisible to monsters who use normal sight
                or infra-vision.
                Only a few monsters who are able to utilize ESP (telepathy) or
                have especially powerful detection will still notice you.
                Those are eyes, angels, Nazgul, nether guards, and those unique
                monsters which are both SMART and POWERFUL at once.

                Taking damage (HP/sanity/experience), attacking, and some other
                actions will immediately break cloaking.
                Damage or drain from floor terrain, items or monster form will
                not affect cloaking, but suffering from black breath will.

                Auto-retaliation is disabled while cloaked, except for the
                Stormbringer (which will break the effect of course).
                If you attack a monster while cloaked, it'll count as backstab,
                making full use of your 'Backstabbing' skill if you have
                trained it. See (7.2) for 'Backstabbing' details!

                Some 'noisy' actions such as drinking a potion will only
                temporarily weaken your cloaking: Your colour will go from dark
                grey to normal grey for a short time, during which you are not
                effectively cloaked. If you avoid taking damage or performing
                any action that breaks cloaking during this time, you will go
                back to being perfectly cloaked.
                The duration of cloaking being weakened will vary depending on
                which action you performed.

                Cloaking will always reduce your light radius to 1. Darkvision
                however is not affected by this and retains its normal radius.
                Cloaking will in turn increase your searching, greatly increase
                your stealth, but decrease your speed. Sneakiness skill may
                very slightly reduce the speed decrease.

                Note: Cloaking has no effect on shoplifting; it breaks on
                entering any shop.
                Note: Although ESP is supposed to detect cloaked targets, for
                now cloaking still overrides ESP of other _players_ for the
                sake of PvP usage, similar to invisibility.
                (Also see (5.14) for details on 'normal' invisibility.)

A       A       activate an item. Usually an artifact, a dragon scale mail or
                a ring of polymorphing (shapechanging).

T
+       +       tunnel (dig) through an obstacle or a wall.

R       R       rest. Your hit points, mana and stamina will regenerate faster
                while resting. Note that you cannot rest while being afflicted
                by any continuous damage effect (eg while poisoned).

o       o       open something.

c       c       close something.
c   while in a store:
                Paste an item name, its price and the store symbol into chat,
                in case you want to tell other players about it.
                You can also type \\\<slot letter> shortcut in chat to paste an
                item right into some text you are writing, eg "\\\a" for the
                first item on the store page you are currently looking at.
                Also see \\x, \\X and \\\x further below.

d       d       drop an item.

$       $       drop some gold. You can use 'k' and 'm' for thousands or
                millions, example: 3k -> drops 3000. 2m -> drops 2000000.
                You can also do things like 2m43 to drop 2430000 gold pieces or
                k6 to drop 600.

D       D       disarm a trap. This yields experience points, depending on the
                trap type. (Note that you won't get experience points for
                disarming traps via magic spells or magic devices.)
                Also see (4.7) for details about traps.

k       CTRL+D  destroy an item. (Note that artifacts cannot be destroyed this
                way.)

G       G       skills screen.

B       f       1) bash/force something (ie a stuck door).
                If the door crashes open, it softens the sleep of nearby asleep
                monsters somewhat (similar in effect to the /cough command).

                2) use the fighting technique "Bash", if learnt, to shield-bash
                an enemy. This action costs 6 stamina and requires a shield.
                It will inflict damage depending on shield weight and your
                strength and a stun effect (modified by Combat skill) on your
                target. For details, see (7.12).

                3) depending on server settings you can also bash a non-hostile
                player in order to try and push past him, effectively switching
                places with him.
                Use it if someone is blocking a dungeon staircase by standing
                around afk on it for example.

l       x       look at a player/monster/object (use direction keys for
                targetting). Similar to targetting, while looking you can press
                'p' to switch to manual cursor positioning, allowing you to
                look at a specific grid, then press 'l' again to confirm.

j       CTRL+A  attempt to steal from players (not recommended!).

U       CTRL+X  use Ghost powers. These are only usable by player-ghosts ie by
                players who died and because of that turned into a ghost.
                Using these will drain your experience (XP points) permanently.
                So using up too much XP may reduce your character's level
                permanently in turn.
                If you run out of XP points, your ghost fades away and cannot
                be resurrected again, which means your character will be
                permanently erased, same as on a ghost-death or an unworldy
                character's death.
                NOTE: Ghost powers are currently not available.

CTRL+S          spike a door (using iron spikes, the door will be jammed).

p       p       Concentrate on opening your mind for telekinesis.
                ("You open your mind.." and "You close your mind.")
                You need to open your mind in order to receive items from
                other players by telekinesis. If you are not concentrating,
                they will receive an according message, telling them that
                using telekinesis on you is currently not possible.
                Hit 'p' again to stop concentrating and close your mind.
                Certain spells of the mindcrafter class might also require
                players in the same party to open their minds in order to work
                or to affect them as intended.
                Having an open mind can make it easier for psi/confuse effects
                to affect you.

h       CTRL+E  sell/buy a house or change house parameters. See (4.10).

P       O       party screen. Form/disband/modify a party with other players
                here. In a party you will share experience points if you are
                within 7 character levels to each other and on the same
                dungeon/tower level respectively the same worldmap/wilderness
                sector. See (7.9) for details!
                For winners (queens/kings/empresses/emperors) the range is 11
                levels instead of 7.

H       CTRL+G  re-apply client-side and (if 'auto_inscribe' option is enabled)
                server-side auto-inscriptions to an item.

CTRL+U  CTRL+F  Displays/exits the audio mixer settings. (Also see (2.1a).)
                Note: Mixer settings are saved automatically, provided you use
                CTRL+Q to quit.
                (Compare troubleshooting section (9.8), PROBLEM 22.)

                Here you can set audio volume for sound effects and music or
                mute them separately. The hotkeys for muting work outside of
                the mixer screen too, during normal gameplay.

                If you haven't installed a sound or music pack, you can do
                that by running the TomeNET-Updater or by downloading packs
                manually (for download links see the 'download' page on the
                TomeNET homepage for official packs, or look in the forum for
                user-made packs).

CTRL+N  CTRL+V  Toggles audio. Shortcut for master toggle in the mixer
                settings. This hotkey works outside of the mixer screen too.

                Note: If you press this while in chat prompt, you will instead
                cycle forwards through lines you previously typed - also see
                CTRL+P key, which cycles backwards.

CTRL+C          Toggles music. Shortcut for toggling it in the mixer settings.
                This hotkey works outside of the mixer screen too.
                NOT AVAILABLE IN ROGUE-LIKE KEY SET.


SPACE   Stop executing repeatable actions such as searching, tunnelling or
        disarming traps. Also stops active fire-till-kill shooting and any
        preparations for a shooting technique (flare missile, precision shot,
        barrage).

< or >  go upstairs/downstairs. Press '>' to use a void gate (violet '+').
        Void jump gates teleport you to their counterpart and vice versa giving
        you a message "You fall into the void. Brrrr! It's deadly cold.".
        Draconians can get harmed by using void jump gates, see (7.4).
        If you take staircases up/down, you'll receive the 'stair GoI' buff,
        see (0.4) for details on that.

{       inscribe an item.

        If the first character is a backslash '\', then instead of overwriting
        an existing inscription the new inscription will either replace a part
        of the current one or otherwise be appended at its end.
        Replacing happens if the backslash is followed by either @<letter> or !
        or # which indicate special inscription "parts".
        Examples:
        An inscription "abc !k @S- xyz" that is inscribed "\@S50k" will turn
        out "abc !k @S50k xyz". If it is instead inscribed "\!ds" then it will
        turn out "abc !ds @S- xyz".
        When replacing the # part or an @P part, the whole rest of the
        inscription is replaced. For @P this is so because player names may
        contain spaces, so those cannot be used as reliable delimiters.

        Instead of replacing a tag, you can also remove it by doubling the tag
        type character, examples:
        "\@@S" will remove the price tag from an item.
        "\@@" will remove the first @-tag of any type.
        "\!!" will remove an "!" tag.
        "\##" will remove the whole part that follows after the '#' character.

        To simply append a new inscription to an existing inscription, enter
        '\\' at the beginning of the new inscription.

}       remove inscription from an item.

/       in general, use an item (combines q,r, etc..).
        This can be useful if you run out of macros for a specific action,
        for example if you already use @m0...@m9 and still have more spell
        books/scrolls in your inventory, you can inscribe the remaining ones
        @/0...@/9. Or you could create a macro *t/0- and bind it to a certain
        key, and then inscribe a useful wand or staff @/0 without having to pay
        attention to whether you're currently using a wand or staff there (or
        rod, of course), as a sort of 'special power button', for example a
        staff of slow monsters (very handy at low levels) or a wand of light
        to kill orcs, jellies, and other light-sensitive critters.
        Note that in the spell book example above, you could of course just use
        call-by-name instead so you won't need any inscriptions at all (3.9b) !

~       display further information of your (character's) knowledge.
        Point (2) and (7) here are especially helpful for mimics:
        In ~2, the number shown in round brackets before each monster name is
        the same they have to enter for their ability:
          'Polymorph self into a specific form'
        In ~7 you can check out all features of a monster.
        You can also enter the slash command "/know" in chat to access the
        knowledge menu (without quotes).

@       displays a list of players currently on the server.
        Note that a yellow '(I)' before a name stands for 'invalid', and means
        that this player is still awaiting account validation by an admin.
        Also, if a grey '(O)' is in front of a player name, it means that
        player is using an outdated client. It's very important to keep your
        client up to date! (Same command as ~a)
        If another player's character level is displayed in light blue colour,
        that means he is within sensible level range of you to form a party!
        Press SHIFT+P for party menu. One of you has to create the party and
        add the other one.

        Additional info that may be shown in @ screen:
        'Silent mode'   Means the player has enabled the 'limit_chat' option,
                        which restricts chat to players on the same dungeon
                        floor as him, except for private/party/guild messages.
        'Private mode'  The player has used the '/ic' command to ignore all
                        chat except for private or party messages.
        '*Private* mode'
                        The player has used the '/ic *' (or alias /dnd) command
                        to ignore all chat except for party messages and
                        private messages from party members.
        (Note that none of these chat restrictions will prevent you from seeing
        administrative broadcasts or messages - those are always visible.)

        If the server has specific PK-rules enabled, there are additionally:
        'PK'            Player participates in player-killing.
        'SAFE'          Player does not participate in player-killing.
        'Newbie'        Player cannot participate in player-killing.
        'Killable'      Player can get killed by other players.
        To modify the PK status of your character, use the '/pkill' command.
        Note: PK is disabled by default on our official main servers.

%       edit your macros (see from (3.6) to (3.9b)).

&       edit your auto-inscriptions (see (0.3a)).

=       edit your preferences.
        Most important entries here are..
        User Interface Options:
            "Rogue-like commands" will change your keyboard layout to
                the original Rogue key definitions.
            "Flicker messages in recall" will allow you to see animated
                messages in the bottom left window (message history).
            "Always show lists in item/skill selection" will always show a
                list of possible choices if you use commands that require you
                to make a selection from a list of choices.
            A lot of audio options; note that on systems where the /page
            command won't produce a native beep sound, you can enable sound
            system paging instead here! (Of course you can also enable it on
            all other systems too, which might be nicer than the system beep).
        Gameplay Options:
            "Set 'AFK' mode automatically" will set you afk after some
                minutes of inactivity.
            "Automatically open doors" makes your character try to open a door
                just by moving towards it.
            "Automatically disarm traps" makes your character try to disarm a
                trap just by stepping onto it.
            "Automatically tunnel walls" makes your character tunnel through a
                wall just by moving towards it.
            "Scroll the screen more frequently" helps to avoid death by
                attacks that came from off-screen. However, this option can be
                a bit irritating.

:       type a chat message. To whisper privately, enter <player>:<text>
        eg:  Johnjohn:hi!  - actually the first few letters of the target
        player's name are enough, as long as it's distinct from anyone else
        who is currently online, like:  Joh:hi!
        You can also use a player's account name instead of his character name
        to send him a private message, makes it easier if he keeps relogging
        between characters a lot.
        You can also enter a slash command here, for example "/afk".
        Press TAB to cycle between different chat modes, such as party-chat.
        For details about chat features see (3.3).
        For details about slash commands, see further below in this paragraph.
        There is also a /say command for talking to players nearby, and a
        /shout command for waking up monsters! See further below.
        To copy/paste text from and to chat, see CTRL+K/CTRL+L keys under
        subchapter (0.2a) further below.

'       lets you peek at the equipment of party members or players within
        sight.

#       displays the high scores (same as ~c). See (9.2c) for details.
        (Note: If you press this while browsing any text you can jump to a
        line number of your choice.)

|       displays the unique monster list (same as ~1).

X       this key carries a predefined macro:
        Quickly swap between two equippable items. They must be inscribed
        '@x0'. (It's basically just the macro 'x0' bound to shift+x key.)
        You can remove this macro in the macro menu, just like any other macro,
        if you don't like it.

,       This key carries a predefined macro:
        Reply to the last private message you received. It's simply the macro
        ':+:' bound to a key.
        You can remove this macro in the macro menu, just like any other macro,
        if you don't like it.

_       Two uses, regarding a) fountains or b) item piles:

        a) Main: Drink from a fountain. You must be standing on the fountain.
        Fountains can have good/bad/no effects. There is no fountain of death,
        neither one of detonations, so you won't get instakilled.
        If you see a message 'You feel less thirsty' that means the fountain
        was just plain water. A message 'You have quenched your thirst' means
        that the fountain had no effect on you, although it wasn't water.
        (Same as /sip command.)
        Fountains cannot have effects of potions which are of higher level than
        the dungeon level where the fountain is. The duration of the effect is
        also the same as the actual potion would last.

        b) Secondary: If you press _ while standing on an item or a pile of
        items, you will get a message what item is currently below your feet.

?       invoke an in-game help screen

!       look at the in-game bulletin board. Players can write lines of text to
        it by using the /bbs <text> command.

CTRL+P  view previous messages.
        Note: You can also press this when in chat prompt, to cycle backward
        through lines that you previously typed (also see CTRL+N, which cycles
        forwards).
        Press CTRL+K in here to copy the bottom-most line to the OS clipboard.
        On Linux/OSX this requires 'xclip' to be installed.
        Hint: Tapping CTRL+K twice will try to extract an URL from the bottom-
        most line and copy that to the OS clipboard instead, if it finds one.
        Note that the search function here works in reverse from bottom to top.

CTRL+O  view previous chat messages.
        Press CTRL+K in here to copy the bottom-most line to the OS clipboard
        (or double-tap to try and extract a URL and copy that one instead).
        On Linux/OSX this requires 'xclip' to be installed.
        Note that the search function here works in reverse from bottom to top.

CTRL+Q  save your character & quit the game. (You should do this in town!)
        This also automatically saves some settings, like window layout (the
        windows' positions and sizes) and mixer settings (CTRL+U to change,
        CTRL+F on rogue-like key map), and you will be asked if you want to
        save the chat log to a text file.
        Note that if you exit the game just by clicking on the 'x' button in
        the game window's titlebar, these extra features will be skipped, and
        any changes in settings or window layout will be discarded.

        If instead you want to quit and also delete your character permanently,
        then..

        Suicide/Retirement:
Q  or
CTRL+K  lets your character commit suicide (use this to permanently delete a
        character, but remember that it cannot be restored once suicided)!
        Characters who suicide won't drop items except for (non-zero) artifacts
        (if the server has ANTI_ARTS_HOARD enabled then no item at all will be
        dropped), nor will they keep the level static as it happens on a
        normal 'final death' (see (3.11) for details about static levels).
        If your character has 'winner' status (king, queen, emperor, empress)
        it will instead be dubbed a retirement instead of suicide, with the
        same result of your character being deleted from the game permanently
        though. The in-game message and highscore list entry will say 'retired'
        instead of 'suicide' though. :)

CTRL+R  redraw the screen (do this if it's messed up for some reason).
 (/refresh, /ref)

CTRL+T  take a screen shot. See /screenshot command below.

TAB or CTRL+I
        displays lag-o-meter.

^       Allows to enter a CTRL character as command.

\       Enter a command, bypassing the client's key map.
        Also allows to enter ^ next to enter a CTRL character as command.

)       Clears the command buffer of pending key presses (used in macros).

*       Initiates targetting a monster, hostile player or location
        (used in macros).

(       Initiates targetting a friendly player (used in macros).
        (Currently targets the most hurt player who is in your party, or the
        most wounded player in general if you aren't in a party.)

[       Predefined "repeat last message/slash command" macro.
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(0.1d) Readability improvements
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(0.2a) Text editing keys